Scientists discovered a new blood group, know how it was invented and why it is different

 Scientists discovered a new blood group, know how it was invented and why it is different

Till today we had heard about only 4 blood groups. Like A, B, AB and O blood groups. But, scientists have now discovered another new blood group. According to research published in the Blood Journal, scientists have discovered a new group of blood group called ER blood group. This new blood group is the 44th blood group. According to this study published in Blood Journal, this blood group has been created due to genetic mutation in Piezo1 protein. Let us know about it in detail.

How is the Er blood group invented?

Actually, this discovery comes from a 30-year-old incident in which two women tragically lost their children. These children belonged to the rare blood group and when the blood of this blood group was not found for their treatment, the children died. Then scientists researched on this, where did this new blood group finally come from. Then in a new study, scientists from NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) and the University of Bristol compared a mother's blood sample to that of several others to determine exactly what made her blood different.

They looked for three new blood group antigens that did not fit into either blood group . In the process, he confirmed a new set of blood groupings called the ER blood group. This is the 44th blood group. It binds to a special protein found on the surface of red blood cells called Piezo1. In this way, it can be said that this Piezo1 is found on the surface of red blood cells.

Why is it different?

The ER blood group is, in a way, formed due to gene mutation, whereas the older blood groups did not have this. In addition, it may also have to be taken into account that antibodies matching the antigens of this blood group can bind to them and give rise to immune cells that attack the mismatched cells. The new study demonstrates the genetic origin of three of these antigens Era, Erb and Er3) as well as the discovery of two new antigens Er4 and Er5.

Er4 and Er5 are rare blood groups and have been associated with hemolytic illness in fetuses and newborns. This disease develops when the mother's immune system attacks the blood of her unborn child. Let us tell that this Er antigen was discovered years ago, but this study is the first study to describe different mutations of the antigen.